The low level of protein in the blood reduces the movement of water from surrounding tissues back into the blood vessels, leading to swelling (oedema). Swelling is usually first noticed around the eyes, then around the lower legs and rest of the body.
Infections
Antibodies are a specialised group of proteins in the blood that help fight infection. When these are lost, children are much more likely to get infections and frequently experience fatigue, poor appetite and weakness.
Urine changes
Occasionally, the high levels of protein being passed into the urine can cause it to become "frothy". Some children with nephrotic syndrome may also pass less urine than usual during relapses.
Blood clots
Important proteins that help prevent the blood from clotting can be passed out in the urine of children with nephrotic syndrome. This can increase their risk of potentially seriousblood clots