Mesiodentes are the most common supernumerary teeth, occurring in 0.15% to 1.9% of the population. Given this
high frequency, the general dentist should be knowledgeable about the signs and symptoms of mesiodentes and
appropriate treatment. The cause of mesiodentes is not fully understood, although proliferation of the dental lamina
and genetic factors have been implicated. Mesiodentes can cause delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent
incisors, which can further alter occlusion and appearance. It is therefore important for the clinician to diagnose a
mesiodens early in development to allow for optimal yet minimal treatment. Treatment options may include
surgical extraction of the mesiodens. If the permanent teeth do not erupt in a reasonable period after the extraction,
surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment may be required to ensure eruption and proper alignment of the teeth.
In some instances, fixed orthodontic therapy is also required to create sufficient arch space before eruption and
alignment of the incisor(s). Early diagnosis allows the most appropriate treatment, often reducing the extent
of surgery, orthodontic treatment and possible complications. This paper outlines the causes and modes of presentation of mesiodentes, and presents guidelines for diagnosis and management of nonsyndromic mesiodentes.