2. Electrooculography
Electrooculography is a method for sensing eye movement and
is based on recording the standing corneal–retinal potential arising
from hyperpolarisations and depolarisations existing between the
cornea and the retina; this is commonly known as an electrooculogram.
This potential can be considered as a steady electrical dipole with a negative pole at the fundus and a positive pole at the cornea
(Fig. 1a). The standing potential in the eye can thus be estimated by
measuring the voltage induced across a system of electrodes
placed around the eyes as the eye gaze changes, thus obtaining
the EOG (measurement of the electric signal of the ocular dipole).