To evaluate the role of depleted oxidative defenses, new experiments were carried out in cultured Sertoli cells supplemented with ascorbic acid and Trolox. Interestingly, in agreement with the results obtained in whole testis, Trolox (Figs. 9A and B) and also ascorbic acid (Figs. 9C and D) prevented Ca2+ overload and cell death in Sertoli cells in culture. We further assayed the effects of co-incubation of Trolox and ascorbic acid in Roundup-treated cells. The combination of both antioxidants used at physiological concentrations (75 μM ascorbic acid plus 50 μM Trolox) prevented both Ca2+ overload and necrotic cell death induced by Roundup. On the other hand, 150 µM ascorbic acid plus 75 μM Trolox were able to induce a per se effect on 45Ca2+ uptake and necrotic cell death. Moreover, this effect was not modified by Roundup exposure (Figs. 9E and F).