Several different designs have been used to test sensitivity to scope . The designs are psychologically different , but the normative pattern defined by the add -up test _Diamond , 1996. is unlikely to be satisfied in any of them . Sensitivity to scope has been examined in two designs other than the quantity design that was discussed in previous sections. (i) In the explicit list design, respondents in different groups value nested lists of heterogeneous goods. For example, one group may assess the value of saving both the birds and the fish in a region, while other groups value the birds or the fish in isolation. (ii) In the embedding design, SWTP for a good (e.g., saving dolphins) is obtained in two ways: (a) by a direct question (b) by a sequence of questions, first eliciting SWTP for an inclusive good, then the fraction of that amount that should be allocated to a specified good (e.g., SWTP for saving marine mammals, then an allocation to dolphins).