Subject was in the standing position. The goniometer was placed on the subject arm with the center located at the elbow joint. Two elbow angles were measured. Flexed elbow joint angle (FANG) was determined when subjects were asked to fully flex the elbow joint by touching their palm to shoulder without raising the elbow. For placements of goniometer semipermanent marker was used to identify the lateral middle point of the humerus, the lateral axis point of elbow joint. Relaxed elbow joint angle (RANG) represented the angle with the arm relaxed along the side of the body during standing. RANG was determined when subjects relaxed the arm allowing it to hang down by the side. For placements of goniometer a semipermanent marker was used to identify the lateral middle point between radius and ulna. FANG and RANG were measured three times for each time point using a plastic goniometer, and the average of the three measurement was calculated, and Range of Motion was defined as the angle subtracting the mean FANG from the mean RANG