We hypothesize that managers with more powerful equity-based incentives are more
likely to avoid performance reporting. We use Bergstresser and Philippon’s (2006) measure
of the sensitivity of the CEO’s stock and stock option holdings to changes in stock prices.
Bergstresser and Philippon (2006) measure the dollar change in the value of a CEO’s stock
and stock option holdings arising from a one percentage point increase in the firm’s
stock price: