Since no dam is required, low-head hydro may dramatically reduce the following:
The safety risks (of having a dam), avoiding the risk of a flash flood caused by a breached dam
Environmental and ecological complications
Need for fish ladders
Silt accumulation in basin
Regulatory issues
The initial cost of dam engineering and construction
Maintenance
Removing silt accumulation.
However, low-head units are necessarily much smaller in capacity than conventional large hydro turbines, requiring many more to be built for a given annual energy production, with some of the costs of small turbine/generator units being offset by lower civil construction costs. Just as for large hydro, not every site can be economically and ecologically developed; sites may be too far from customers to be worth installation of a transmission line, or may lie in areas particularly sensitive for wildlife.
Another potentially promising type of low head hydro power is dynamic tidal power, a novel and unapplied method to extract power from tidal movements. Although a dam-like structure is required, no area is enclosed, and therefore most of the benefits of 'damless hydro' are retained, while providing for vast amounts of power generation.
Since no dam is required, low-head hydro may dramatically reduce the following:
The safety risks (of having a dam), avoiding the risk of a flash flood caused by a breached dam
Environmental and ecological complications
Need for fish ladders
Silt accumulation in basin
Regulatory issues
The initial cost of dam engineering and construction
Maintenance
Removing silt accumulation.
However, low-head units are necessarily much smaller in capacity than conventional large hydro turbines, requiring many more to be built for a given annual energy production, with some of the costs of small turbine/generator units being offset by lower civil construction costs. Just as for large hydro, not every site can be economically and ecologically developed; sites may be too far from customers to be worth installation of a transmission line, or may lie in areas particularly sensitive for wildlife.
Another potentially promising type of low head hydro power is dynamic tidal power, a novel and unapplied method to extract power from tidal movements. Although a dam-like structure is required, no area is enclosed, and therefore most of the benefits of 'damless hydro' are retained, while providing for vast amounts of power generation.
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