This integrated perspective on IT helps us examine the roles of firm-level IT competence in generating product innovation rather than isolating the impacts of IT. This is aligned with the emerging facts that information technologies and applications are closely embedded in enterprise-wide business activities, processes and routines within contemporary firms. Furthermore, although specific IT resources are implemented and developed in an isolated form, they interact with each other and support business activities jointly. Thus, a broader view on the impacts of IT is needed. The finding thus extends the IT–innovation relationship literature by viewing IT capabilities in an integrated way, allowing for the holistic consideration of the impacts of IT infrastructure flexibility, IT integration, IT business alignment, and IT management