2.3. Cooking procedure and cooking measurements
Meatballs were thawed at 4 _C overnight and were
cooked in a preheated electric grill for 4 min each side.
All cooking measurements were done on 5 replicates per
treatment. Percent cooking yield was determined by
calculating weight differences for samples before and
after cooking. Cooking yield and fat retention were
calculated according to Murphy, Criner, and Grey
(1975).