Process industries rely heavily on failure data to monitor performance, so improvements or changes are only determined after an incident has occurred. In other words, it is learning based on after effect scenarios. Corrective actions taken after a major incident are too late and costly. Early warning and learning of performance deterioration provides an opportunity to avoid major incidents and losses. As there is a link between process risk and business and operator efficiency, indicators of both types (leading and lagging) can be designed to monitor plant integrity and safe operation and their relationship with overall performance.