maintenance of a adequate food supply challenged humans during much of their early existence. Since ancient times, both western and oriental have used microorganisms to transform or produce food. fungi have a crucial role to play in the processing of many foods, improving the texture digestibility, nutritional value, flavour or appearance of the raw material used. The first industrial production of microorganisms for nutritional purposes took place in Germany, when torula yeast was produced and incorporated into soup and sausages. yeast cell may be solubilized either partially or completely by autolysis and several Other technigues. On further processing, the slurries can be converted into a variety of preparations and products which are useful in the laboratory and as ingredients in food, feeds and fermentation media. Amongst