Using a variety of representations, including measures, pupils become fluent in the order and place value of numbers beyond 1000, including counting in tens and hundreds, and maintaining fluency in other multiples through varied and frequent practice. They begin to extend their knowledge of the number system to include the decimal numbers and fractions that they have met so far. They connect estimation and rounding numbers to the use of measuring instruments. Roman numerals should be put in their historical context so pupils understand that there have been different ways to write whole numbers and that the important concepts of zero and place value were introduced over a period of time