The literature suggests that boiling is one of the worst conventional cooking practices regarding the retention of bioactive compounds. some detrimental effects, but in most cases increased the concentration of some antioxidants. The important difference between boiling and steaming is that there is no direct food to water contact during steaming, which prevents loss by solubilization. In some studies, the microwaving process has been found to be detrimental to foods in terms of antioxidant capacity, whereas others suggest that it has no effect. Drying and roasting can also be categorized as damaging to the bioactivity of plant foods, due to the high temperatures used. This heat can cause epimerization, oxidation, and other chemical reactions of the bioactive compounds that have negative impacts on the bioactivities and