1) Grouping language material into meaningful units.
2) Associating new language information to concept already in memory.
3) Placing new words into a context, such as a meaningful sentence, conversation or story.
4) Using semantic mapping.
5) Representing sounds in memory in such a way that they can be linked with a target language word in order to remember it better.
6) Using mechanical techniques, such as writing words on cards and moving cards from one stack to another when a new word is learned.
7) Some read a great deal and mark with an asterisk, a word they do not understand each time they meet it.
8) I read dictionaries.