Fig. 7. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on biological and physico-chemical properties of the soils; abbreviation correspond to soil samples, NF: Natural forest;
OPPB: Oil palm plantation after burning with the age of oil palm plants 5–6 years; RA: Restoration area. WC: water content; WHC: water holding capacity; rb: bulk density;
LOI: loss of ignition (organic matter); C:N ratio: ratio total Carbon and total N; H0 Bacteria, H0 Fungi and H0 Archaea are Shannon Diversity indices of microbial diversities from
PCR-DGGE.