A third possible objection concerns the certainty and reliability of the underlying logic. This depends on unexamined and, as will be argued, unjustified assumptions.
Thus the logicistprogramme of reducing the certainty of mathematical knowledge to that of logic failed in principle. Logic does not provide a certain foundation for mathematical knowledge.
B. Formalism
In popular terms, formalism is the view that mathematics is a meaningless formal game played with marks on paper, following rules. Traces of a formalist philosophy of mathematics can be found in the writings of Bishop Berkeley, but the major proponents of formalism are David Hilbert (1925), early J. von Neumann (1931) and H. Curry (1951). Hilbert’s formalist programme aimed to translate mathematicas into uninterpreted formal systems. By means of a restricted but meaningful meta-mathematics the formal systems were to be shown to be adequate for mathematics, by deriving formal counterparts of all mathematical truths, and to be safe for mathematics, through consistency proofs.
A third possible objection concerns the certainty and reliability of the underlying logic. This depends on unexamined and, as will be argued, unjustified assumptions.
Thus the logicistprogramme of reducing the certainty of mathematical knowledge to that of logic failed in principle. Logic does not provide a certain foundation for mathematical knowledge.
B. Formalism
In popular terms, formalism is the view that mathematics is a meaningless formal game played with marks on paper, following rules. Traces of a formalist philosophy of mathematics can be found in the writings of Bishop Berkeley, but the major proponents of formalism are David Hilbert (1925), early J. von Neumann (1931) and H. Curry (1951). Hilbert’s formalist programme aimed to translate mathematicas into uninterpreted formal systems. By means of a restricted but meaningful meta-mathematics the formal systems were to be shown to be adequate for mathematics, by deriving formal counterparts of all mathematical truths, and to be safe for mathematics, through consistency proofs.
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