Ndx is the number of molecules with velocities between x and x+dx,N is the total number of molecules in the system ,is the most probable velocity , and x is the velocity of a given molecule . the two curves in figure4 represent the velocity distribution for systems wherein the most probable velocities (the maximum in the curves) are4 and5 units, respectively.
It is to be noted that the agreement between the observed and the calculated values is good .As the temperature (amplitude of vibration) is increased the distribution curve broadens and the number of molecules with the most probable velocity decreases . It is predicted that a larger number of beads would give better agreement because of the statistical nature of the theory upon which the Maxwell law is established.
A comparison of the distribution curve obtained from several different temperatures (amplitudes of vibration) point toward a verification of the Arrhenius equation for the energy of activation .A modified from of this equation is where N” is the number of
(สมการค่ะ...)
Activated molecules, N the total number of molecules, E the activation energy, and T the temperature. Since it was not possible to quantitatively observe the temperature(amplitude of vibration ). Except to note the most probable velocity which was based upon arbitrary units, the verification of the Arrhenius equation could be made only qualitatively. In the following table the ratios N”/N are compared to the most probable velocity.
(ตาราง)...................................................(รูปที่3)
For four of the systems observed. An arbitrary value of E=11.5 on figure4 was selected as the activation energy. The fundamental concept that a 10” rise in temperature doubles the reaction rate. The reaction rate begin primarily dependent upon the number of activated molecules, is substantiated. This model not only provides for the lower-level courses a simple and direct demonstration of some of the fundamentals of gas structure but it is readily adaptable to upper levels of instruction in the topic of (รูปที่4)
Kinetic theory. It is suggested that in these latter courses photographs of this mode, such as figure3, would provide the necessary information with which to validate the velocity distribution and energy relationships. This would supply an exercise in which the student could mathematically interpret data which he himself has collected with respect to the kinetic concept of gases.
Ndx is the number of molecules with velocities between x and x+dx,N is the total number of molecules in the system ,is the most probable velocity , and x is the velocity of a given molecule . the two curves in figure4 represent the velocity distribution for systems wherein the most probable velocities (the maximum in the curves) are4 and5 units, respectively.It is to be noted that the agreement between the observed and the calculated values is good .As the temperature (amplitude of vibration) is increased the distribution curve broadens and the number of molecules with the most probable velocity decreases . It is predicted that a larger number of beads would give better agreement because of the statistical nature of the theory upon which the Maxwell law is established.A comparison of the distribution curve obtained from several different temperatures (amplitudes of vibration) point toward a verification of the Arrhenius equation for the energy of activation .A modified from of this equation is where N” is the number of (สมการค่ะ...)Activated molecules, N the total number of molecules, E the activation energy, and T the temperature. Since it was not possible to quantitatively observe the temperature(amplitude of vibration ). Except to note the most probable velocity which was based upon arbitrary units, the verification of the Arrhenius equation could be made only qualitatively. In the following table the ratios N”/N are compared to the most probable velocity. (ตาราง)...................................................(รูปที่3)For four of the systems observed. An arbitrary value of E=11.5 on figure4 was selected as the activation energy. The fundamental concept that a 10” rise in temperature doubles the reaction rate. The reaction rate begin primarily dependent upon the number of activated molecules, is substantiated. This model not only provides for the lower-level courses a simple and direct demonstration of some of the fundamentals of gas structure but it is readily adaptable to upper levels of instruction in the topic of (รูปที่4)Kinetic theory. It is suggested that in these latter courses photographs of this mode, such as figure3, would provide the necessary information with which to validate the velocity distribution and energy relationships. This would supply an exercise in which the student could mathematically interpret data which he himself has collected with respect to the kinetic concept of gases.
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