From the ‘‘helpfulness” viewpoint, most of the students felt that the PDA-based Mindtool was helpful to them, and they tried hard to follow
the guidance of the learning system(5.0); in addition, the average rating concerning the students’ confidence in recognizing the campus plants
changed from 4.46 to 5.3, which implies that the students felt the ‘‘helpfulness” of the innovative approach in their natural science course.
Relevant feedback can be found in other questionnaire items, such as ‘‘I know more about the features of the campus plants since participating
in this learning activity” (5.54) and ‘‘Using a PDA as a learning device provides better assistance than the traditional way of tutoring” (5.46)