Materials and Methods
We used phylogenetic comparative methods to analyse rates of
dinosaur body mass evolution [6,14,38,39] (Appendix S1). Body
mass, accompanied by qualitative observations (Table 3), was used
as a general ecological descriptor. Body mass was estimated for all
dinosaurs for which appropriate data were available (441 taxa;
Dataset S1) using the empirical scaling relationship of limb
robustness (stylopodial circumference) with body mass, derived
from extant tetrapods [40] (Appendix S1). We analysed log10-
transformed data (excluding juveniles), which represent proportional
changes in body mass