is a presentation of studies which consider the problem of
routing on the basis of heuristic and meta-heuristic procedures and
models of linear programming. They are categorized based on the objectives
used and solution methods involved. In terms of their objectives,
travel time/cost related objectives have received the most attention. In
addition, a significant number of studies discuss the capacity of vehicles
and the length of routes which achieve the minimum exhaust emissions.
Some studies have the minimization of both fuel consumption
and CO2 emissions as their objective. However, it evident that not
many studies consider the impact of environmental parameters
(Noise, CO2,NOx,SO) and traditional parameters (Reserve capacity,
Total vehicle miles, Total travel time/cost) at the same timewhen defining
the vehicle routes.