Additional cellular functions may also be associated
with a chained-rod or adherent cell phenotype. Larsen
and Mullakhanbhai [39] found narrow constrictions
with an apparently contiguous S-layer connecting cells
together like beads on a string. In light of the later discovery
of the mating HGT mechanism and electron
micrographs of mating cells, the constrictions and associations
between GFP-expressing cells observed in
biofilms in this study (Figure 3B,C,D; Additional file 1:
Figure S2 and Additional file 2: Movie 1) may be viewed
as cytoplasmic bridges, which have been proposed as a
prerequisite step towards cellular fusion and chromosomal
mixing and/or recombination [56–58,95]. Further genetic
analyses will shed light on the possible specialized function(
s) (e.g., matrix-production or competence for mating)
of this cellular phenotype.
Additional cellular functions may also be associatedwith a chained-rod or adherent cell phenotype. Larsenand Mullakhanbhai [39] found narrow constrictionswith an apparently contiguous S-layer connecting cellstogether like beads on a string. In light of the later discoveryof the mating HGT mechanism and electronmicrographs of mating cells, the constrictions and associationsbetween GFP-expressing cells observed inbiofilms in this study (Figure 3B,C,D; Additional file 1:Figure S2 and Additional file 2: Movie 1) may be viewedas cytoplasmic bridges, which have been proposed as aprerequisite step towards cellular fusion and chromosomalmixing and/or recombination [56–58,95]. Further geneticanalyses will shed light on the possible specialized function(s) (e.g., matrix-production or competence for mating)of this cellular phenotype.
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