Solutions to this dilemma have been staff development that has been
predominantly used to address the challenges facing our schools. Creating professional
development opportunities that are in line with the adult education theories is critical
when administrators are leading their organizations into the 21 st century. Smylie (1995)
noted that when thinking about professional development of teachers, the practices are
“virtually uniformed by theories of adult learning and change” (p. 93). The adult learning
model is grounded in the following principles; developing a climate of respect, utilizing
collaborative modes of inquiry, building on participant experience, learning for action
and cultivating a participative environment. This atmosphere occurs when the facilitators
of the professional development are credible, authentic and respectfully showing
consistency (Brookfield, 1995; 1986; Knowles, 1980 and Lawler, 1991).