Fig. 4 shows the effects of tension on the rolling load. The workpiece is rolled from 10 mm to 6 mm, and in
Fig. 4a, the temperature of the workpiece and rollers is 20 °C, in Fig. 4b, the temperature of rollers is 400 °C, while
the temperature of the workpiece is 450 °C in Fig. 4c. These results show that the bi-direction tension has more
effect on reduction of the rolling load.