1.2. Cisplatin therapy and implications
Cisplatinum (II) diamine dichloride (cisplatin) is extensively used for the management of oncological disorders, particularly of the testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder and other genito-urinary tumours, head, neck cancers and lung cancer.3 Cisplatin is called “The penicillin of cancer” because it is used so widely and it was the first big chemotherapy drug. Even with the advent of the so-called targeted therapies in the past ten years, cisplatin use remains strong.4 The most serious and usually dose limiting toxicity of cisplatin is renal. Experimental cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity was first reported in 1971. Nephrotoxicity of cisplatin is associated with its metabolism. Nephrotoxicity effects of cisplatin have been well documented in all species studied including mice, rats, dogs and humans.5