Hypertension is a complex disease process with a broad spectrum of interventions available for management. Pharmaceutical treatment is the predominant modality for primary care providers in the outpatient setting. Clinical questions such as which medications to utilize for particular patient populations, including those with comorbidity such as diabetes, has been thoroughly addressed in established guidelines. For example, the seventh report of the JNC makes recommendations about categories and specific medications to treat the respective stages of hypertension including guidelines for the treatment of complicated patients with a wide variety of comorbidities. In light of the available resources for the clinician and advanced practice nursing's unique holistic approach to patient care, the focus of this literature review will be non-pharmaceutical interventions and strategies for management of the hypertensive patient from the perspective of King’s theory of goal attainment. Collaborative Interventions