For the moment, the present results caution against the current tendency to approach questions of CEO roˆles and rewards from the agency theory and organisational economic perspectives. Their underlying postulates of narrowly self-interested actors and conflict of interest may be too cynical or conflictful. There is at least some merit in entertaining the alternative theoretical approach of stewardship theory. Therein, the motivation of managers is less problematic and the more crucial factor influencing organisational performance and shareholder returns is the design of the organisational structure so that managers can take effective action (Chitayat 1985). The key issue is thus not to heighten control and monitoring of management, or to make them ersatz owners, but rather to empower executives.