If you use the SELECT statement to query the data from tables without the WHERE clause, you will get all rows in the tables that may be not necessary. The tables accumulate data from business transactions all times. It does not make sense to get all rows from a table especially for big tables like employees, sales orders, purchase orders, production orders, etc., because we often want analyze a set of data at a time e.g, sales of this quarter, sales of this year compared to last year, etc.
The WHERE clause allows you to specify exact rows to select based on a particular filtering expression or condition.