The loin sample (about 60 g) assigned for the shear force measurement was placed in a plastic bag and cooked in a water bath (set at 99 °C) to an internal temperature of 75 °C (monitored by a Digi-Sense scanning temperature logger with a thermocouple (T-type) placed into the centre of each sample, Eutech Instruments Pte. Ltd., Singapore) and then immediately placed in ice-water slurry. The initial weight and final cooking weight of each loin sample were measured to obtain the cooking loss expressed as a percentage of the original sample weight. For shear force measurement, once the cooked meat in a bag was cooled to below 10 °C, ten replicates of 10 mm × 10 mm cross section samples for each sample were cut out parallel to the fibre direction and sheared with the MIRINZ Tenderometer perpendicular to the fibre direction. The average peak shear force (kgF) of ten replicates was calculated.