as illustrated in the figure. the relationship is represented by a solid line with a filled-in black dot on each end. physically, it is difficult to implement such a relationship. you cannot directly place the id of one entity to another entity as the foreign key as we did in a 1:N relationship. if you do so, it may generate a nonunique identifier. the nonspecific relationship is often represented by two specific 1:N relationship with an intersection entity, as shown in figure 2.8