A particle swarm optimization for wind energy control problem
The control problem of a wind turbine involves the determination of rotor speed and tip-speed ratio to
maximize power and energy capture from the wind. The problem can be formulated as a nonlinear
programming problem with the annual energy generation as the objective function. The wind speed
distribution is modeled as the Weibull distribution. The Weibull shape and scale parameters are assigned
to be stochastic in response to limited wind data and variability nature of the wind. It is proposed to
apply particle swarm optimization to solve for optimum rotor speed under fixed-speed operation and
optimum tip-speed ratio under variable-speed operation. The optimum rotor speed varies with the wind
speed distribution, while the optimum tip-speed ratio does not depend on the wind speed distribution. It
can be concluded from the simulation results that both the wind power and energy are more dependent
of the Weibull scale parameter than the Weibull shape parameter. This implies that the wind power and
energy are more dependent of the mean wind speed than the speed distribution.