MOISTURE CONTENT AND MOVEMENT
Wood moves as its moisture content changes. In a tree that’s just been felled, the wood is “green” — sap fills the cell cavities. This free water (as the sap is sometimes called) accounts for 72 percent of the total moisture content, although this percentage may vary from species to species. The remaining 28 percent saturates the wood fibers in the cell walls. This bound water in the fibers causes them to swell, just as a sponge swells when you wet it.
As the green wood dries, the free water evaporates first, then the bound water. The wood is dimensionally stable (it doesn’t shrink or swell noticeably) as it loses free water, but once it begins to lose bound water, it contracts.
Wood dries to an average moisture content of between 4 and 11 percent, depending on the area of the country, but it never really comes to rest! The amount of bound water in the wood continually changes with the amount of moisture in the surrounding atmosphere. On the average, wood gains or loses about 1 percent moisture content for every 5 percent change in the relative humidity.
MOISTURE CONTENT AND MOVEMENTWood moves as its moisture content changes. In a tree that’s just been felled, the wood is “green” — sap fills the cell cavities. This free water (as the sap is sometimes called) accounts for 72 percent of the total moisture content, although this percentage may vary from species to species. The remaining 28 percent saturates the wood fibers in the cell walls. This bound water in the fibers causes them to swell, just as a sponge swells when you wet it.As the green wood dries, the free water evaporates first, then the bound water. The wood is dimensionally stable (it doesn’t shrink or swell noticeably) as it loses free water, but once it begins to lose bound water, it contracts.Wood dries to an average moisture content of between 4 and 11 percent, depending on the area of the country, but it never really comes to rest! The amount of bound water in the wood continually changes with the amount of moisture in the surrounding atmosphere. On the average, wood gains or loses about 1 percent moisture content for every 5 percent change in the relative humidity.
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