Table 4 illustrates the changes in pain parameters of the IG
compared to the WLC. Significant interaction effects
appeared for all pain parameters over the three measurements.
A two-factorial analysis of variance with repeated
measures showed significant interaction effects (group ×
time) for pain intensity [F(2;54) 0 8.39; p 0 0.001], pain
duration [F(1.21;32.62) 0 8.43; p 0 0.004], pain frequency
[F(1.32;35.57) 0 9.38; p 0 0.002], and pain-related impairment
[F(1.46;39.37) 0 14.92; p < 0.001].
Post hoc tests demonstrated that improvements from T1
to T2 were significant for all scales, and changes in pain
duration over time were significant from T2 to T3. Furthermore,
a significant main effect by group emerged for
pain intensity [F (1;27) 0 16.16; p < 0.001], pain duration
[F(1;27) 0 8.27; p 0 0.008], pain frequency [F(1;27) 0
10.66; p 0 0.003], and pain-related impairment [F(1;27) 0
15.34; p 0 0.001]. With respect to the changes from T1 to
T2 and T1 to T3, group differences can assumed to be
within the high range with effect sizes of d 0 0.71 to d 0
2.21. As expected, effect sizes were lower concerning the
changes from T2 to T3. The means of all pain parameters
of the WLC did not change significantly over time.
Table 4 illustrates the changes in pain parameters of the IG
compared to the WLC. Significant interaction effects
appeared for all pain parameters over the three measurements.
A two-factorial analysis of variance with repeated
measures showed significant interaction effects (group ×
time) for pain intensity [F(2;54) 0 8.39; p 0 0.001], pain
duration [F(1.21;32.62) 0 8.43; p 0 0.004], pain frequency
[F(1.32;35.57) 0 9.38; p 0 0.002], and pain-related impairment
[F(1.46;39.37) 0 14.92; p < 0.001].
Post hoc tests demonstrated that improvements from T1
to T2 were significant for all scales, and changes in pain
duration over time were significant from T2 to T3. Furthermore,
a significant main effect by group emerged for
pain intensity [F (1;27) 0 16.16; p < 0.001], pain duration
[F(1;27) 0 8.27; p 0 0.008], pain frequency [F(1;27) 0
10.66; p 0 0.003], and pain-related impairment [F(1;27) 0
15.34; p 0 0.001]. With respect to the changes from T1 to
T2 and T1 to T3, group differences can assumed to be
within the high range with effect sizes of d 0 0.71 to d 0
2.21. As expected, effect sizes were lower concerning the
changes from T2 to T3. The means of all pain parameters
of the WLC did not change significantly over time.
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