with no need for artistic additions. The hard core of beauty: concentrated substance.But Where are architectures fields of force that constitute its substance,above and beyond all superficiality and arbitrariness? ltalo Calvino tells us in his Lezioni omericcme about the ltalian poet Giacomo Leopardi who saw the beauty of a work of art, in his case the beauty of literature, in its vagueness, openness, and indeterminacy,because this leaves the form open for many different meanings.Leopardi’s observation seems convincing enough.Worl