Samples were withdrawn aseptically from the fermenter periodically from 0 to 36 h to analyze ethanol production. The sample supernatants were analyzed for soluble sugar and ethanol content using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) with a refractive index detector (2414, Waters, USA). The mixtures were loaded in the REZEX RPM (Phenomenex, USA) column (300 × 7.8 mm) at 85 °C and eluted with deionized water at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min.