The ultrasonic power (P) was determined as described by Tiwari et al. [26] using Eq. (1) where dT/dt is the change in temperature over time (C s1), Cp is the specifc heat of water (4.18 kJ kg1 C1), and m is the mass (kg).
The ultrasonic power (P) was determined as described byTiwari et al. [26] using Eq. (1) where dT/dt is the change in temperatureover time (C s1), Cp is the specifc heat of water(4.18 kJ kg1 C1), and m is the mass (kg).