This study evaluates the effects of bias and repeatability using multiple measurements from a single part, and is conducted prior to the Gage R&R (Expanded), Gage R&R (Crossed) and Gage R&R (Nested) studies, which help to recognize any deficiencies in your measurement system. To help set up your worksheet for the Gage R&R (Crossed) or (Nested) studies, use Create Gage R&R Study Worksheet.