Overviewing the six contributions, it can be noticed that most articles focus on one of the entities of the model, with the assessment entity being the most prevalent one. The contributions in this special issue demonstrate the complexity of capturing a definition of quality assurance in assessment. This implies that more research is needed what quality assurance implies form a more holistic perspective, that is, taking into account each entity in the quality pyramid. Interestingly, every contribution pinpoints the importance of assessment literacy of teachers, but also emphasises the importance of assessment literacy of students. When teachers and students are not trained in assessment, this impairs the quality of assessment in terms of sound decisions and benefits for learning. Effective and contemporary models of teachers’ professional learning appear to be essential in assuring quality in assessment (DeLuca, Luu, Sun, & Klinger, 2012).