Disease index was visually assessed by the lesions of mycelium
or rot on the fruit surface. The severity offungal development on the
surface was scored from 0 to 4 with 0 = no visual evidence of fungi,
1 = less than 10%, 2 = 10–30%, 3 = 31–70%, and 4 = more than 70% of
the surface affected with fungus. A disease index was calculated
using the following formula: (disease scale × percentage of fruit
in each class) (Thavong et al., 2010).