1. Growing health inequities within and between countries.
2. New conceptual frameworks: WHO Social Determinants of Health Model.26
3. Renewal of horizontal strategies: WHO Primary Health Care Model.27
4. Rapid increase of global health educational programs in the U.S.28
5. Call by nursing leadership at global and national levels for the inclusion of global health and social justice into educational programs
for nurses.29
6. Increased U.S. Government funding for global health: President’s Emergency Program for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and NIH Fogarty Framework Grants.
7. President Obama’s Global Health Initiative puts greater emphasis on health systems strengthening.30
8. University Consortium for Human Resources for Health is developed by the Rwandan Ministry of Health and the Clinton Healthcare Access Initiative.31