We pointed out that mental health problems of MSMRP were associated with UAI with their RP. Previous studies have further shown that mental health problems of the MSM and their RP are inter-related [73]. It is a limitation of this study that we did not assess the mental health status of the RP as such assessment through data reported by the participant may not be reliable. However, we expect high prevalence of concordant depression and anxiety within the MSM couples as previous studies have consistently found among MSM in general [74].