After the appraisal of technology integration programs in schools and universities, it is noticed that the
existence of technology does not guarantee its utilization in the classroom environment. Considering the factors
which affect the technology utilization, Kiraz & Ozdemir (2006) focus on the factors of technology acceptance
among teachers. They attempted to create a model that was compatible with their hypothesized model by collecting
data from surveys completed by 320 pre-service teachers. The results showed that the new model was consistent
with the hypothesized model and also it was concluded that different educational ideologies may have different
effects on teachers’ technology acceptance. Another factor about using technology in classroom is learners’ views
and perceptions. Based on surveys and focus group interviews of first-year students and professors at a primarily
undergraduate Canadian university, Gabriel et al. (2012) explores the gaps and intersections between students’ uses
and expectations for digital technologies while learning inside the classroom and socializing outside the classroom,
and the instructional uses, expectations and concerns of their professors. They concluded with recommendations for
uses of digital technologies that go beyond information transmission.