Growing need to devise systems for processing and storing information (clerical workers).
Max Weber developed the bureaucracy model.
Hierarchical organization structure - an organizational form based on the concepts of division of labor, specialization, spans of control, and unity of command.
Key decisions are made at the top and filter down through the organization.
Middle managers do the primary information processing and communication.
At the new TCS, control was lowered by adding a new layer with only a few leaders reporting directly to the CEO.
Unity of command - each person has a single supervisor, who in turn has a supervisor.
Rules are established to handle the routine work performed by employees of the organization. Workers turn to rules for guidance, or to the supervisor.
Key decisions are made at the top and filter down through the organization in a centralized fashion.
IS supports this hierarchy.
Appropriate for stable organization, where the top-level executives are in command of the information needed to make critical decisions quickly.
IS are typically used to store and communicate information along the lines of the hierarchy in a centralized structure.
IS facilitates the decisions of top managers downward and provide a hierarchy of reports to support organizational operations.
Data from the operations is sent upward through the hierarchy using IS.
Data from operations that have been captured at lower levels need to be consolidated, managed and made secure at a higher level.
The data is integrated into databases that are designed to enable employees at all levels of the organization can see the information that they need when they need it.