In the prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporoticrelated fractures, strategies aimed at maximizing peak bone mass during childhood and adolescence; maintaining or attenuating bone loss during the adult years; and increasing or preserving muscle mass, strength, power, and function are all considered critical. To this end, physical activity and exercise are recognized as important modifiable lifestyle variables that can strengthen the skeleton and muscles and reduce the risk of falls and subsequent fracture, as well as enhance quality of life. The array of benefits associated with a physically active lifestyle also extend to well-recognized reductions in cardiovascular disease [1] and diabetes risk [2], the prevention of obesity [3] and the treatment of conditions such as depression [4] and osteoarthritis [5], and delay in the onset of cognitive decline [6], dementia [7], and mortality [8]. From a public health perspective, these benefits can be derived by essentially everyone and for the most part are associated with minimal, if any, financial cost.