Diabetes mellitus is a common medical condition known to have adverse effects on all system of human body. Normally, insulin and glucagons are produced by the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Insulin regulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage in various cells. Elevated blood glucose levels can result in brain malfunction and it promotes the synthesis of sorbitol, which damages blood vessels and causes degeneration of the nerves, resulting in neuropathology which can lead to dementia or cognitive impairment