Poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds
The diameter of the poly-L-lactic acid scaffold materials (Ai-medic Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was 3.0 mm, woven from poly-L-lactic acid fibers with 10 μm diameter. The rupture strength was 366 N under a pulling speed of 100 mm/min. The surface of the scaffolds was first treated with 70% alcohol, which was then replaced with DMEM to make them hydrophilic.