The experimental system is schematically illustrated in Fig. 1.
Deionized water in the water tank is pumped using a ram-type
pump with a maximum operating pressure of 40 MPa. A portion
of the water returns to the tank through the bypass, and the
remaining portion flows into the heat exchanger designed for heat
recovery and absorbs the heat of the hot water coming from the
outlet of the test section. Subsequently, the water reaches the preheater and the vertical test section, which are directly heated
by AC power supplies with high current and low voltage. Mass flux
and pressure are controlled precisely by adjusting the valves.
Afterward, the water is cooled in the condenser with cold water
from the cooling tower and flows back to the tank for recycling.