However,sincetheseanticipatedreturnsarelong-term,theyshouldhavesmallvariationovertime.27 Moreover,weinclude
yearfixedeffectsinallofourspecifications,whichreducetheinfluenceofnotallowingforinter-temporalvariation.In
robustnesstests,weuseanalternativemeasurebasedontheaverageexpectedreturnassumptionforcorporatepension
plans toallowforinter-temporaldifferencesintheexpectedinvestmentreturnassumptions.Theresultsofthesetestsare
similar tothosereportedinthepaper.