First, there has been a standardization of curriculum of secondary social studies courses. American history, with state history and some form of geography were offered in grades 7-8 while American history, world history, and civics/government/political science were offered in grades 9-12. Little attempt has been made to develop courses in new content areas as global studies, law-related education, or future studies. The enrollment in Third World area studies was only concentrated in New York, Minnesota, North Carolina, and California. Second, students had limited knowledge or understanding of the Third World as well as why and what they study about this topic. It was partly because the teachers tended to express this uncertainty. Third, Dick (1980) quoted the study of Hall for the African-American Institute about the weaknesses of the curriculum materials.