associated with particular ecological conditions, a low
level of recombination, and few base variations in the
nuclear genome [30]. It is likely that the species encountered
genetic bottlenecks and founder effects during its
geographic spread [31,32]. The highest level of genetic
divergence was evaluated as 0.017 between haplotypes
H17 (MX2), H4 (CHGZ3), and H5 (CHGZ4), and the genetic
distances between Mexican haplotypes were evidently
higher than those of other regions (Table 5). There was
significant genetic divergence between Mexican and Asian,
African, and South American haplotypes, suggesting